After losing out to Ferrari at the previous two races in Brazil and Las Vegas, 17 points from the season finale were enough to clinch the runners-up spot by three points from the Scuderia.
The result was also an improvement on 2022, when the team finished P3 in the standings behind Red Bull and Ferrari.
"I'm happy we've managed to secure P2, it was a great effort by the team at track and both in Brackley and Brixworth," said Lewis post-race.
"Given that we've not had a competitive car for much of the season, the result shows we are a strong team.
"George did a great job, it was close with Ferrari but we held on. I hope everyone back at the factory is happy. I'm grateful for all the hard work they have put in this season."